PVD is a disease of the blood vessels that affects tens of thousands of people. In PVD, the arteries that carry blood to the arms or legs become narrowed or clogged, slowing or stopping the flow of blood. The disease most often affects the legs, but sometimes occurs in the arms. Many people live with the symptoms of PVD -­- such as pain or numbness in the legs or arms -- because they mistakenly believe it is a normal part of aging.

What Causes PVD?

It is usually caused by atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries. Atherosclerosis is a gradual process in which cholesterol and scar tissue build up inside the artery. Symptoms of PVD also can develop when a blood clot forms in the artery.

Symptoms of PVD

The most common symptom of PVD is leg pain, particularly when walking or exercising, which goes away after a few minutes of rest. Other symptoms:

• Numbness and tingling in the lower legs and feet.
• Coldness in the lower legs and feet.
• Ulcers or sores on the legs and feet that don't heal

Who Is At Risk?

Anyone can develop PVD, but it occurs most often in people who are over 50. Men are also more likely to be affected than women. Factors that contribute to the disease include smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, a family history of heart or vascular disease, and being overweight.

Preventing or Controlling PVD

Sometimes PVD can be controlled or prevented by lifestyle changes, such as exercising and dieting to lose weight and lower blood cholesterol. An important thing you can do to slow PVD is to stop smoking.

Treating PVD

The best treatment for PVD depends on a number of factors, including your overall health, the location of the affected artery, and the size and nature of the blockage or narrowing in the artery. In many cases, PVD can be treated without surgery.

For more information, see your doctor or visit http://www.scvir.org.